Sheet metal welding type hydraulic torque converter/Forklift hydraulic torque converter/Tractor hydraulic torque converter

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Hydraulic torque converter is a kind of non-rigid torque converter with liquid as working medium, which is one of the forms of hydraulic transmission. The figure shows a hydraulic torque converter, which has a closed working cavity in which the liquid circulates through the cavity, in which the pump wheel, turbine and guide wheel are connected to the input shaft, the output shaft and the shell, respectively. When the power engine (internal combustion engine, motor, etc.) drives the input shaft to rotate, the liquid flows out from the centrifugal pump wheel, passes through the turbine and guide wheel and returns to the pump wheel, and circulates round and round.The pump wheel transfers the mechanical energy of the input shaft to the liquid.The high-speed liquid pushes the turbine to rotate and transfer energy to the output shaft. 
The torque converter transfers torque by the change of moment of momentum produced by the interaction between liquid and blade. The main characteristic of hydraulic torque converter which is different from hydraulic coupler is that it has fixed guide wheel. The diversion effect of the guide wheel on the liquid makes the output torque of the torque converter higher or lower than the input torque, so it is called the torque converter. The ratio of the output torque to the input torque is called the moment coefficient, and the zero speed moment coefficient at the output speed of 00:00 is usually about 2 to 6. The torque coefficient decreases with the increase of output speed. The input shaft and the output shaft of the hydraulic torque converter are connected by liquid, and there is no rigid connection between the working members. The characteristics of hydraulic torque converter are as follows: it can eliminate shock and vibration, overload protection performance and starting performance are good, the speed of output shaft can be greater or smaller than that of input shaft, and the speed difference between two shafts varies with the magnitude of transfer torque. There is a good automatic transmission performance, when the load increases, the output speed automatically decreases, on the contrary, it automatically rises; to ensure that the power machine has a stable working area, the transient change of load will not be reflected on the power machine. 

The hydraulic torque converter has high efficiency near the rated condition, and the highest efficiency is 85% and 92%.Impeller is the core of hydraulic torque converter. Its type and location as well as the shape of the blade play a decisive role in the performance of the torque converter. Some torque converters have more than two turbines, guide wheels or pump wheels to achieve different performance. The most common are positive rotation (output shaft and input shaft steering consistent), single-stage (only one turbine) hydraulic torque converter. The torque converter which has the performance characteristics of both torque converter and coupler is called integrated hydraulic torque converter, such as the hydraulic torque converter whose guide wheel can be fixed or rotated with the pump wheel. In order to make the torque converter work normally, avoid cavitation and ensure heat dissipation, it is necessary to have an auxiliary oil supply system and cooling system with a certain oil supply pressure.

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